Gut effects
There is evidence that certain food additives may have negative effects on gut health and the intestinal lining. Here's an overview of some key points:
1. Emulsifiers:
Studies have shown that some emulsifiers like carboxymethylcellulose and polysorbate 80 can alter gut bacteria composition and potentially damage the mucus layer protecting the intestinal lining. A 2015 study in mice found these emulsifiers induced low-grade inflammation and metabolic syndrome.
2. Artificial sweeteners:
Research suggests artificial sweeteners like sucralose and aspartame may disrupt the gut microbiome. A 2014 study in Nature found that artificial sweeteners altered gut bacteria in ways that could induce glucose intolerance.
3. Nanoparticles:
Titanium dioxide nanoparticles, used as a whitening agent (E171), have been shown in some studies to potentially damage intestinal cells and alter gut microbiota. A 2017 study in Scientific Reports found these nanoparticles could induce colonic inflammation in mice.
4. Preservatives:
Some preservatives like sodium benzoate have been associated with increased intestinal permeability ("leaky gut") in animal studies. A 2016 study in the World Journal of Gastroenterology found sodium benzoate increased gut permeability in rats.
5. Glucose-fructose syrup:
High consumption of glucose-fructose syrup (also known as high-fructose corn syrup) has been linked to alterations in gut bacteria and increased intestinal permeability in some studies.
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